如何保證金屬激(ji)光焊接機輝光放電(dian)的穩定性

人們想要獲得金屬激光焊接機高(gao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)束質量(liang)的激(ji)(ji)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)輸出，必須先(xian)實現大體積、均勻而(er)(er)穩定的輝光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)放電(dian)(dian)。而(er)(er)在高(gao)功率(lv)CO2激(ji)(ji)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)器中，氣(qi)體放電(dian)(dian)中的電(dian)(dian)流、電(dian)(dian)壓、氣(qi)體溫度都(dou)很高(gao)，輝光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)放電(dian)(dian)正柱區熱(re)不穩定性和(he)電(dian)(dian)弧收(shou)縮等(deng)現象較(jiao)嚴重。因此(ci)，為了獲得(de)金屬激(ji)(ji)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)焊接機高(gao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)束質量(liang)的激(ji)(ji)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)輸出，必須要確保輝光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)放電(dian)(dian)的穩定性和(he)均勻性。

根據人(ren)們對金屬激(ji)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)焊接(jie)機CO2激(ji)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)器(qi)的(de)(de)研究，常采用以(yi)下技術提(ti)高輝光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)穩定(ding)性和均勻(yun)性。一是把大體積的(de)(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)區分(fen)成許(xu)多(duo)小的(de)(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)區分(fen)別加(jia)以(yi)控制，在橫流CO2激(ji)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)器(qi)中，陰極或陽極通常被(bei)分(fen)成多(duo)個電(dian)(dian)極，軸向快流CO2激(ji)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)器(qi)中常用的(de)(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)區級(ji)聯方法有很多(duo)；二是氣體的(de)(de)快速流動(dong)使不穩定(ding)擾動(dong)因子及時帶出放(fang)電(dian)(dian)區；三是增加(jia)湍流以(yi)增加(jia)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)均勻(yun)性；四是增加(jia)預電(dian)(dian)離(li)或外電(dian)(dian)離(li)源以(yi)增加(jia)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)均勻(yun)性。市(shi)場上不少金屬激(ji)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)焊接(jie)機的(de)(de)激(ji)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)器(qi)都根據上述技術進行設計，其輝光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)較為穩定(ding)和均勻(yun)。

根據上述技(ji)術設計(ji)的金(jin)屬(shu)激光(guang)(guang)焊接機激光(guang)(guang)器(qi)(qi)中(zhong)，針(zhen)一(yi)板(ban)(ban)式和(he)管(guan)一(yi)板(ban)(ban)式兩種(zhong)激光(guang)(guang)器(qi)(qi)比較受歡迎。其中(zhong)管(guan)一(yi)板(ban)(ban)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)激光(guang)(guang)器(qi)(qi)由幾十個放(fang)電(dian)(dian)區組成(cheng)，小(xiao)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)區比多針(zhen)一(yi)板(ban)(ban)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)激光(guang)(guang)器(qi)(qi)少(shao)一(yi)個數(shu)量級，因此(ci)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)的均(jun)勻性(xing)優于多針(zhen)一(yi)板(ban)(ban)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)，同時管(guan)一(yi)板(ban)(ban)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)激光(guang)(guang)器(qi)(qi)的工(gong)藝和(he)結構也相對簡(jian)單(dan)，將(jiang)其運用(yong)到金(jin)屬(shu)激光(guang)(guang)焊接機后，不僅可(ke)以提高其輝光(guang)(guang)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)的穩定性(xing)和(he)均(jun)勻性(xing)，還可(ke)以簡(jian)化其結構設計(ji)。